Operating Systems

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Android and iOS both gather telemetry data—information about your device usage, battery health, crashes, and more. While both platforms claim to anonymize data, research has shown that even anonymized data can be re-identified.

Google’s Android has a long history of enabling deep data collection, sometimes even from apps that haven’t been opened. Apple markets privacy as a core value, but iOS also collects data for Siri suggestions, Apple Maps, and more.

3. SDKs (Software Development Kits)
Many apps don’t collect the data themselves—they outsource it to third-party SDKs embedded in their code. These SDKs come from ad networks, analytics platforms, and other service providers (like Firebase, Facebook SDK, or TikTok's Business SDK). These third parties may gather data independently of the app's primary function.

4. Permissions
Permissions are the gatekeepers of phone data. However, the average vietnam phone number list user rarely reads them carefully. Moreover, permission bundling (where denying one permission disables app functionality) forces many users to accept invasive terms just to use the service.

Some permissions can be exploited:

Granting camera access lets apps record without consent.

Location permissions can remain active in the background.

Contact access can be used to build massive social graphs.